According to the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA), what must all health care facilities do?

The correct answer is grounded in the core principle of the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA), which mandates that all healthcare facilities must provide a medical assessment to any individual who comes to the emergency department, regardless of their ability to pay. This legislation was established to ensure that patients receive necessary medical evaluation and treatment without discrimination based on insurance status or financial situation.

This requirement emphasizes the importance of access to emergency medical care, ensuring that individuals presenting with urgent or emergent conditions are not turned away or delayed due to financial concerns. This is crucial in emergencies where timely medical intervention can mean the difference between life and death.

In contrast, the other options do not align with the principles outlined in EMTALA. For example, stating that care is only given to critically ill patients undermines the act's intent, which is to ensure that all individuals are assessed for medical necessity. The mention of refusing treatment if a condition is not critical could lead to patients not receiving assessments for conditions that may worsen if left unattended. The idea that a patient can recant consent after signing is also irrelevant to EMTALA’s core requirement, as the act focuses more on the obligation to assess and treat than on consent dynamics.